ザンビア

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国・地域の基本情報
国・地域名(日本語) ザンビア
国・地域名(英語) Zambia
正式国・地域名(日本語) ザンビア共和国
正式国・地域名(英語) Republic of Zambia
国・地域情報 外務省
The World Factbook (CIA)
フィールド情報(Fieldnet)
ウィキペディア 日本語版
英語版


Contents

■現地における「ザンビア」の手話表現

■イラスト掲載文献

「ザンビア」(日本手話研究所「手話確定普及研究部」編. ヘドバーグ,トーマス監修. 2002.『国名手話ガイドブック』東京: 財団法人全日本ろうあ連盟出版局. 174.)

"Zambia" (In: Japanese Federation of the Deaf ed. Supervisor: Hedberg, Tomas. 2003. Country name-signs. Helsinki, Finland: World Federation of the Deaf. 97.)


■音声言語

英語(English)


■手話言語

ザンビア手話Zambian Sign Language


■関連する手話言語

アメリカ手話American Sign Language


■ろう者人口

ザンビア政府によるろう者人口:16,000人. ザンビア全国ろう者協会によるろう者人口:16,000人 ; 手話話者数:14,400人. (WFD. 2008. Global Survey Report. : 下記 文献 欄参照.)


■手話の法的地位

  • 手話の法的地位 (Status of the National Sign Language(s))(WFD. 2008. Global Survey Report. : 下記 文献 欄参照. より)

1. 政府は法律・政策において手話を公認している (The government recognises the country's sign language(s) in : the Legislation, Policy )

2. 政府が手話を公認した年:1996年(The year when the country’s government formally recognises the country’s sign language(s): 1996.)

3. ろう者協会やろう者グループは政府に手話の公認を要望している (Deaf Association/Deaf Group lobbies the government for the recognition of the country’s sign language(s))


■ろう者の組織・団体

ザンビア全国ろう者協会(Zambia National Association of the Deaf (Facebook)世界ろう連盟加盟団体; 1981年設立.(WFD. 2008. Global Survey Report. : 下記 文献 欄参照.))

■手話の研究機関、学会、大学

■ろう教育

  • 教育を受ける機会(Access to Education)(WFD. 2008. Global Survey Report. : 下記 文献 欄参照. より)

1.政府は、ろう児およびろう学生が教育を受ける権利を認めている(The government recognizes that Deaf children and Deaf students have the right to receive an education.)

2.ろう教育に関連する法律・政策(Legislation or policies on Deaf Education):

包括教育(Inclusive Education)

3.政府は次の教育環境をろう児およびろう学生に提供している(The government provides those educational settings for Deaf children and Deaf students):

幼稚園(3・4歳から5・6歳まで)(Kindergarten (Between 3/4 years old to 5/6 years old))
初等教育(5・6歳から12・13歳)(Primary (From 5/6 years old to 12/13 years old))
中等教育(12・13歳から17・18歳)(Secondary (From 12/13 years old to 17/18 years old)) : 職業教育・訓練(Vocational Education/Training)

4.政府は国の手話を用いたバイリンガル教育を次の教育機関で提供している(The government provides bilingual education using the country’s sign language(s) for Deaf children and Deaf students in those educational settings):

該当なし

5.ろう児およびろう学生のための特別な学校数、また学校におけるろう児・ろう学生とのコミュニケーションの教育方法について(Schools specifically for Deaf children and Deaf students in the country, and the educational approach for communicating with Deaf children and students at the Deaf School):

寄宿舎制ろう学校は3校のみ、他は通常校のなかにろう者のための部門を設けている(Only three Deaf Residential Schools, the rest are day Units for the Deaf in the mainstream schools)
口話および手話(トータルコミュニケーション)(Oral and Sign Language (Total Communication))

6.大学でのろう者の受け入れ状況および、大学内の手話通訳の利用(Deaf people’s access to a University education and sign language interpreting services at University):

受け入れなし / 通訳者不足と高い資格要件がろう学生の大学進学を阻んでいる(None, lack of interpreters and the high qualification requirements hinder Deaf students’ entry to the universities)


■手話通訳

  • WASLI報告によると、手話通訳者協会が設立されている(WASLI. 2011. WASLI Activities Report 2007-2011 (下記 文献 欄参照))
  • 手話サービス通訳の状況(Status of Sign Language Interpreting Services)(WFD. 2008. Global Survey Report. : 下記 文献 欄参照. より)

1.国内の手話通訳者数(The number of sign language interpreters in the country):

さまざまなレベルの約30名(質の悪い人から熟達した人まで)(About 30 Interpreters with various levels of skill (from poor signing to proficient))

2.手話通訳者の資格制度有り(Sign language interpreting qualifications: There is.)

3.有資格の手話通訳者養成担当者・機関(The provider of the training for people who want to become qualified sign language interpreters):

全国ろう協会(National Association of the Deaf)
その他: ザンビア全国ろう者協会とザンビア全国手話通訳者協会(Others: Zambia National Association of the Deaf (ZNAD) and Zambia National Association of Sign Language Interpreters (ZNASLI)).

4.手話通訳者になるための訓練の年数(Total years of training to become a sign languate interpreters):

1年以下(Less than One Year)

5.正式な公的資格を持った手話通訳者の数(The number of sign language interpreters who have formal interpreting qualifications in the country):

該当なし(None)

6.ろう者が手話通訳者を利用する方法(The way Deaf people access sign language interpreters):

通訳者協会を通して。または、個人的に通訳者と連絡する(Through the Association of Sign Language interpreters. Or by private arrangement with interpreters)

7.手話通訳サービス提供者・機関(The provier of the sign language interpreting services):

全国ろう協会(National Association of the Deaf)
その他: 通訳者協会Others: Association of Sign Language interpreters.

8.生活の中で手話通訳サービスを利用できる範囲(The area of life sign language interpreting services are available):

社会福祉(Social Services)
健康・医療(Health/Medical Services)
裁判(Court Services)
冠婚葬祭(Funerals/Weddings)

9.手話通訳者への支払いおよび支払い負担者(The payment for interpreting services, and those who are responsible for paying):

手話通訳者は通訳サービスの対価を受け取る(Sign language interpreters receive payment for interpreting services)
全国ろう協会/ろう団体が支払う(National Association of the Deaf/Deaf Group pays)
その他:民間団体(Others: Private Sector)

10.手話通訳者の1時間あたりの平均時給(The average hourly rate of payment for sign language interpreters):

時給でなく、日給。一日、20~30米ドルの範囲(12.88~19.33ユーロ:2008年5月31日現在のレート)(Not hourly but daily. The rate ranges from USD$20 to USD$30 per day (12.88€ to 19.33€ on 31st May 2008))

11.手話通訳者は、ボランティアサービスで通訳を行なうこともある(Sign language interpreters sometimes provide voluntary service for sign language interpreting assignments.)

12.手話通訳者協会(National Association of Sign Language Interpreters):

全国ろう者協会から独立している (independent from the National Association of the Deaf)

13.全国的な手話通訳者に関する倫理綱領(National Code of Ethics for sign language interpreters):

制定されている

14.政府が手話通訳を提供する責任があると明記した法律や政策(Legislation or policy in the country which states that the government has a responsibility for the provision of sign language):

該当なし(None)


■ろう者の宗教活動

■ろう者コミュニティと文化

■著名なろう者、手話関係者

■手話辞典

1985. Zambian Sign Language.Lusake: Curriculum Development Centre, Ministry of General Education and Culture.


■文献

WASLI (World Association of Sign Language Interpreters). 2011. WASLI Sponsorship Programme 2011. Kampala, UGANDA.

WASLI (World Association of Sign Language Interpreters). 2011. WASLI Activities Report 2007-2011. Kampala, UGANDA.

World Federation of the Deaf and Swedish National Association of the Deaf. 2008. Global Survey Report. WFD Regional Secretariat for Southern and Eastern Africa (WFD RSESA). Global Education Pre-Planning Project on the Human Rights of Deaf People. World Federation of the Deaf. Finland.

加藤嘉文. 2006. ザンビアの聴覚障害児教育. (平成17年度文部科学省・筑波大学国際教育協力シンポジウム「開発途上国における派遣現職教員の活躍-帰国隊員報告会 -」での発表資料)

亀井伸孝. 2004.「アフリカのろう者 第5回 ろう者たちのアメリカ観」『手話コミュニケーション研究 』(日本手話研究所) 51 (2004.3): 55-62.

中山慎一郎. 2004. 「アジア・アフリカの手話研究-手話と書記言語の語順の比較-」『手話コミュニケーション研究』(全日本ろうあ連盟日本手話研究所) 52 (2004.3):22-26 [特集 第4回 手話研究セミナー. ガーナザンビアインドネシアタイ中国ネパールパキスタンフィリピンマレーシアに関する情報を含む]

Miles, Susie and Doreen Woodford. 2003. The inclusion of deaf learners: observations from EENET's action research study in Zambia

Sichula, Alfred B. 1992. The Use of Sign Language in Teaching the Deaf in Zambia. In: Finnish Association of the Deaf ed. East African sign language seminar, Debre Zeit, Ethoipia, August 10-16,1990. Helsinki: Finnish Association of the Deaf. 80-83.

Aaltonen, Jaana. 1992. Teaching Sign Language - Experiences From a Development Cooperation Project in Zambia. In: Finnish Association of the Deaf ed. East African sign language seminar, Debre Zeit, Ethoipia, August 10-16,1990. Helsinki: Finnish Association of the Deaf. 75-78.

Mbewe, McKenzie. 1992. Sign Language and the Situation of the Deaf in Zambia. In: Finnish Association of the Deaf ed. East African sign language seminar, Debre Zeit, Ethoipia, August 10-16,1990. Helsinki: Finnish Association of the Deaf. Sign Language and the Situation of the Deaf in Zambia. 42-45.

Mbewe, Mackenzie S. 1991. Is sign language superior to speech language? In: Partnership Between Deaf People and Professionals. Proceedings of a Conference held ... August 1991 ... Rabat, Malta, arranged by Initiatives for Deaf Education in the Third World, in co-operation with the National Commission for the Handicapped, Malta. 1991. Valletta: Ministry of Society Policy, Malta. 122-126.

Nduluma, Patrick. 1991. The role of deaf people in encouraging government awareness of the needs of deaf children and adults. In: Partnership Between Deaf People and Professionals. Proceedings of a Conference held ... August 1991 ... Rabat, Malta, arranged by Initiatives for Deaf Education in the Third World, in co-operation with the National Commission for the Handicapped, Malta. 1991. Valletta: Ministry of Society Policy, Malta. 134-139.

Katongo, G.P.N. 1987. Sign language: an investigation into Zambian Sign Language. Unpublished manuscript.

Costello M. 1986. An adaptation of the Kendall Toy Test for Zambia. Dissertation, Certificate Teachers of the Deaf, Hertfordshire College of Higher Education.

Toto, Motshedisi. 1986. Social attitudes towards hearing impaired pupils in Zambian secondary schools. Dissertation. Lusaka College for Teachers of the Handicapped. 52 pp.

Zambian Sign Language Survey. 1986. Introduction by A.B. Bwalya. Lusaka: Curriculum Dev. Centre. 206 pp. (Study report and sign language dictionary)

Luhanga P.C. 1983. A short briefing on St. Joseph's. In: Mbewe, Mackenzie S. and R. Serpell eds. Basic Education for the Deaf in Zambia. Report of the National Conference, 17-20 August, 1982. Lusaka: Institute for African Studies (now Institute for Economic and Social Studies, University of Zambia). 45-49. (Deaf school, near Ndola, Zambia).

Mbewe, Mackenzie S. 1983. The development of educational provision for the deaf in Zambia. In: Mbewe, Mackenzie S. and R. Serpell eds. 1983. Basic Education for the Deaf in Zambia. Report of the National Conference, 17-20 August, 1982. Lusaka: Institute for African Studies (now Institute for Economic and Social Studies, University of Zambia). 20-25.

Mbewe, Mackenzie S., Labens J.M. and Sichula A. 1983. Statement from Munali Secondary School, Residential Deaf Unit, Lusaka. In: Mbewe, Mackenzie S. and R. Serpell. eds. 1983. Basic Education for the Deaf in Zambia. Report of the National Conference, 17-20 August, 1982. Lusaka: Institute for African Studies (now Institute for Economic and Social Studies, University of Zambia). 68-78.

Mbewe, Mackenzie S. & Serpell R. eds. 1983. Basic Education for the Deaf in Zambia. Report of the National Conference, 17-20 August, 1982. Lusaka: Institute for African Studies (now Institute for Economic and Social Studies, University of Zambia). iii + 100 pp.

Ndulo M.P. & Mbewe, Mackenzie S. 1983. Employment of deaf school-leavers in Zambia. In: Mbewe, Mackenzie S. & Serpell R. eds. 1983. Basic Education for the Deaf in Zambia. Report of the National Conference, 17-20 August, 1982. Lusaka: Institute for African Studies (now Institute for Economic and Social Studies, University of Zambia). 26-31.

Palamuleni E.G. 1983. Magwero School for the Deaf. In: Mbewe, Mackenzie S. and R. Serpell. eds. 1983. Basic Education for the Deaf in Zambia. Report of the National Conference, 17-20 August, 1982. Lusaka: Institute for African Studies (now Institute for Economic and Social Studies, University of Zambia). 41-45.

Serpell R. 1983. Education of the deaf in other countries, past and present: a selective review with some implication for Zambia. In: Mbewe, Mackenzie and R. Serpell eds. Basic Education for the Deaf in Zambia. Report of a National Conference, 17-20 August, 1982. Lusaka.13-19.

Sichone S.M. 1983. Current approaches at resource classes for the deaf in integrated primary and secondary schools. In: Mbewe, Mackenzie S. and R. Serpell eds. 1983. Basic Education for the Deaf in Zambia. Report of the National Conference, 17-20 August, 1982. Lusaka: Institute for African Studies (now Institute for Economic and Social Studies, University of Zambia). 49-51.

Thompson, Glen L. 1983. Participation by deaf citizens in the life of urban communities: implications for educational policy. In: Mbewe, Mackenzie S. and R. Serpell eds. 1983. Basic Education for the Deaf in Zambia. Report of the National Conference, 17-20 August, 1982. Lusaka: Institute for African Studies (now Institute for Economic and Social Studies, University of Zambia). 31-36.

Mbewe, Mackenzie S. and Serpell R. 1981. Silent Citizens. Success stories of deaf Zambians. Lusaka: National Association of the Deaf.

Mbewe, Mackenzie S. 1980. Occupational Needs of Primary Deaf School Leavers in Zambia. Lusaka: Institute for African Studies (now Institute for Economic and Social Studies, University of Zambia). 32 pp.

Sparrevohn F. 1972. Deaf education in Zambia. In : Proceedings of the Seminar on Deafness ... Accra, September 1972. London: Commonwealth society for the Deaf. 16.

Speech and Silence. 1968. Official organ of the Zambia Society for the Deaf.


Get to Know Your Hearing! Lusaka: Zambia National Association of the Hearing Impaired. 6 pp.

Zambia Curriculum Development Centre, Special Education Department, Government of the Republic of Zambia. Proposed supplementary basic language syllabus for hearing-impaired children. Lusaka: Curriculum Development Centre. v + 33 pp.


■研究者

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■外部リンク

Easy To Learn Kenyan/Zambian Sign Language poster


■備考

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